Sunday, March 1, 2026

ENG 102 2026: Resources Archive #8

The most transformative form of learning is to educate yourself about a subject and then develop that knowledge for sharing with others. In the process of sharing your knowledge and discussing it with others, you relearn it in a thorough way, while also beginning to see it through many other perspectives. - Michael Benton

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“For years on both sides of the ocean, groups of hard-liners have tried to present to their people unrealistic and fearful images of various nations and cultures in order to turn their differences into disagreements, their disagreements into enmities and their enmities into fears. Instilling fear in the people is an important tool used to justify extremist and fanatic behavior by narrow-minded individuals.” -- Iranian filmmaker Asghar Farhadi (2012 winner of Oscar for Best Foreign Film; 2017 nominee for the Oscar for Best Foreign Film)

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The popular stereotypes in film and on TV of sexual deviants and gender outlaws, those who lived outside the boundaries of accepted behavior, were usually portrayed as self-hating, degenerate outsiders. It was clear in these examples that these choices would lead to a life of quiet desperation, or, of quick extermination. These gender outlaws, like popular Western outlaws, were always at risk of being taken down by self-prescribed regulators of social codes. Like Brandon Teena (Boys Don’t Cry https://youtu.be/mYpUhVvfGeg ), they were always vulnerable to attack, violation, and murder for their perceived transgressions of the social order.

This extreme anxiety led to the construction of a psychological defense system that relied upon a smooth and seamless internalization of social myths about gender and sexuality, so effective that I forgot that I had ever thought or felt differently. Even more disturbing, I have had to recognize that my self-destructive internalization of restrictive sexual and gender roles led to my own complicity in reproducing the violence and oppression of our society. I was no longer the kind, sensitive kid who wanted to create something beautiful; instead, I was the angry, anti-social bully who was going to make others pay for my pain. Like Zachary growing up in the working-class male world of Quebec (C.R.A.Z.Y. https://youtu.be/sCvQ2OpCj8A ), I sought to erase my empathy for others and adopted the hard tough guise. Slowly, later in life, through the patient guidance of caring people who taught me about love, I learned to recognize my betrayal of my inner self in order to fit into society’s strict gender roles. As I once again began to open myself up to my creative side, I also became very interested in how other artists understand and portray identity issues. This helped me to recognize the warring selves inside me and allowed me to put them into dialogue with each other, with positive role models in my community, and with the cinema I study. -- Michael D. Benton, "Dialogic Cinephilia" (2022)

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Alston, Philp. "Extreme Poverty in America: Read the U.N. Special Monitor Report. The Guardian (December 15, 2017) ["Philp Alston, the UN’s special rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, has spent 10 days touring America. This is the introduction to his report."]

Amadae, S.M. "Where are We Going? Nuclear War Part 1." Past Present Future (February 15, 2026) ["For the first in a new series of conversations exploring the future that faces us all, David talks to S. M. Amadae about what nuclear weapons and the prospect of nuclear war have done to the human condition. Was 1945 the decisive watershed in the history of humanity? What made the possibility of nuclear conflict different from previous ideas of catastrophe? How did we reconcile ourselves to the horrifying consequences of what we had built?"]

Bergland, Renee. "The Enchanted Science of Emily Dickinson and Charles Darwin."  Wonder Cabinet (February 28, 2026) ["Emily Dickinson and Charles Darwin both saw nature as alive with mystery – and treated wonder as a way of knowing. Literary scholar and science historian Renee Bergland, author of "Natural Magic," is our guide to the forgotten kinship between the reclusive poet and the celebrated naturalist. Dickinson and Darwin never met, but they had at least one close friend in common. Both were both fascinated by fossils. Both wandered the woods and swamps near their homes, studying insects and documenting rare plants. They shared a vision of the interconnectedness of all life. We know that Dickinson, with her background in botany, geology, astronomy and chemistry, was enthralled by Darwin’s evolutionary theory. And it certainly seems possible that Darwin, with his degree in theology and his lifelong love of poetry and literature, might have admired the American poet whose close observations and delicate perceptions echoed his own. Bergland’s dual biography, just out in paper, is vivid, sparkling intellectual history – a window onto a time when scientific thinking still embraced emotion and wonder as modes of perception. Could the belief in “natural magic” that infused Dickinson’s and Darwin’s ideas restore our own faith in a universe alive with meaning? Our conversation about the poet who studied natural history and the naturalist who loved poetry suggests a way forward – by reclaiming their shared ecological wonder."]

Bonneval, Karine, Paco Calvo and Tom Greaves. "Plants." The Forum for Philosophy (April 2019) ["Philosophers have long assumed that plants are inferior to humans and animals: static, inert, and unreflective. But recent scientific advances suggest that we may have underestimated plants. They can process information, solve problems, and communicate. We explore what plants can teach us about intelligence and agency, and ask whether plants think."]

Boshernitsan, Rimma. "Our Emerging Planetary Nervous System." NOEMA (February 17, 2026) ["Human intelligence is beyond mere calculation. What makes us uniquely human isn’t our processing power, but our capacity to discern what matters — to sense the whisper beneath the data. Our intuition is our oldest inheritance, emerging from the quiet place technology can never reach: a consciousness capable of care. This knowing lives in the body, not merely the mind. Psychiatrist and philosopher Iain McGilchrist explains that the brain’s right hemisphere frames reality in terms of salience before the left hemisphere attempts to label it. In ambiguity, that framing becomes essential. Attention isn’t trivial — it’s where selection happens, where meaning emerges from noise. Where pause isn’t absence, but rather a different kind of presence. Intelligence begins with choice. As the philosopher Forrest Landry argues, it’s not how much we know, but what we choose to care about amid complexity. That is the ethical function of human intuition: to choose alignment, to decide what matters in the moment when information overwhelms us and the stakes shift beneath our feet. This intuitive attention becomes infrastructural when embedded in practice. Political scientist Elinor Ostrom’s research shows that communities that iteratively refine rules governing land and seasons often outperform centralized models — especially when governance is rooted in local knowledge and mutual accountability. And Robin Wall Kimmerer reminds us that Indigenous practices — whether tending sweetgrass or reading fire patterns — encode centuries of attunement as collective wisdom. This isn’t mystical; it’s strategic. Global assessments confirm that this isn’t just a cultural preference, but a measurable practice."]

Butler, Judith. "This Is Wrong - On Executive Order 14168." London Review of Books 47.6 (April 3, 2025) ["It’s not surprising, then, that Executive Order 14168 includes among its dictates the need to correct any ‘misapplications’ of Bostock v. Clayton County. Indeed, the order shifts the basis of ‘an individual’s immutable biological classification’ away from genitalia to gametes: ‘“Female” means a person belonging, at conception, to the sex that produces the large reproductive cell ... “Male” means a person belonging, at conception, to the sex that produces the small reproductive cell.’ Why this shift? And what does it mean that the government can change its mind about what is immutable? Is the ‘immutable’ mutable after all? The existence of intersexed people has long posed a problem for sex assignment since they are living evidence that genitalia can be combined or mixed in certain ways. Gametes must have seemed less problematic. There is a larger one and a smaller one: let that be the immutable difference between female and male. There are two significant problems with using gametes to define sex. First, no one checks gametes at the moment of sex assignment, let alone at conception (when they don’t yet exist). They are not observable. To base sex assignment on gametes is therefore to rely on an imperceptible dimension of sex when observation remains the principal way sex is assigned. Second, most biologists agree that neither biological determinism nor biological reductionism provides an adequate account of sex determination and development. As the Society for the Study of Evolution explains in a letter published on 5 February, the ‘scientific consensus’ defines sex in humans as a ‘biological construct that relies on a combination of chromosomes, hormonal balances, and the resulting expression of gonads, external genitalia and secondary sex characteristics. There is variation in all these biological attributes that make up sex.’ They remind us that ‘sex and gender result from the interplay of genetics and environment. Such diversity is a hallmark of biological species, including humans.’ Interplay, interaction, co-construction are concepts widely used in the biological sciences. And, in turn, the biological sciences have made considerable contributions to gender theory, where Anne Fausto-Sterling, for example, has long argued that biology interacts with cultural and historical processes to produce different ways of naming and living gender."]

Bydon, Mohamad. "Miraculous new treatments for spinal cord injuries." Big Brains (February 19, 2026) ["In this episode of Big Brains, Dr. Bydon walks us through the extraordinary, multi-stage surgery at UChicago that not only saved the boy’s life but helped him regain the ability to breathe, talk and move his fingers and toes. He examines the future of surgery for spinal cord injury patients—from minimally invasive surgery techniques to robotic surgery and AI to stem cell therapy—is even helping some paralyzed patients regain movement and even walk again after their injuries."]

DeNicola, Daniel R. "Plato's Cave and the Stubborn Persistence of Ignorance." The MIT Press Reader (September 12, 2024) ["Are we like these cave dwellers? Is this gloomy cave the image of the womb from which we were all thrust unknowing into the light? But do we not then quickly overcome this primal oblivion — or do we all still dwell in a place of such abysmal ignorance? To think this through, I want to reverse Plato’s approach: Rather than describing how we may know the truth, let us consider how we recognize ignorance."]

Ehrlich, David. "Yes Review: Nadav Lapid’s Furiously Orgiastic Satire of Modern Israel Asks How People Can Live Normally." IndieWire (May 22, 2025) ["Horrified by the country of his birth and heavy with the weight of its sins, Nadav Lapid has created modern cinema’s most splenetic filmography by fighting his Israeliness as if it were an incurable virus infecting his body of work. 2019’s eruptive “Synonyms” was a semi-autobiographical identity crisis about a man who flees to Paris because he’s convinced that he was born in the Middle East by mistake, while 2021’s “Ahed’s Knee” was a similarly personal scream into the wind — this one rooted in the blue-balled impotence of artistic resistance amid an exultantly genocidal ethnostate. Spasming with anger where Lapid’s previous features (“Policeman” and “The Kindergarten Teacher”) searched for hope, both of these movies were fringed with a sense of resignation that they fought tooth-and-nail to shake off. As a result, I naturally assumed that his follow-up feature — written in Europe before the events of October 7, 2023, and then furiously reworked around them as Lapid conceded to the futility of escaping his background — would either be the wildest film that Lapid has ever made, or the most defeated."]

"Examples of Censorship from National Parks Conservation Association et. al. v. Department of the Interior, et. al." Democracy Forward (February 17, 2026) ["In March 2025, President Trump issued an executive order directing the rewriting and sanitization of American history and science at national parks. Interior Secretary Doug Burgum followed suit on May 20, issuing a secretary’s order that launched the implementation of the president’s directive within the National Park Service (NPS). These orders have forced NPS staff to remove or censor exhibits that share factually accurate and relevant history and scientific knowledge. The National Park Service escalated its implementation of the Secretary’s order in January 2026, with interpretive signs — detailing the contributions of historically marginalized populations, atrocities perpetuated against particular communities, and the long term impact of scientific developments — either removed or flagged for removal. Those reportedly include the following examples:"]

Ford, Phil and J.F. Martel. "Magic Mirror: On J.R.R. Tolkien's The Fellowship of the Ring." Weird Studies (February 25, 2026) ["This is the first of three episodes on J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings to be released in the course of the next several months. Focusing here on The Fellowship of the Ring, our hosts discuss the first leg of Frodo's journey into darkness, paying special attention to Tolkien's prose style, his modernism, his commitment to a truly magical realism, and his penchant for the weird and the tragic."]

Goldin, Hanna Lee. "A Non-Exhaustive List of Sources for When You Need Real Information, Not Just Content." Card Catalog (February 5, 2026) ["How to find trustworthy sources for breaking news, health questions, financial decisions, and local elections."]

---. "When Your AI Asks How You're Feeling: A Field Guide to Engagement Manipulation." Card Catalog (February 12, 2026) ["AI systems use dark patterns to keep conversations going longer than necessary. Learning to spot them protects your time and attention."]

Hirschel-Burns, Tim. "Assaults and Batteries: Nicolas Niarchos digs up the hidden costs behind your rechargeables." Los Angeles Review of Books (February 24, 2026)  ["The Elements of Power: A Story of War, Technology, and the Dirtiest Supply Chain on Earth, a new book by journalist Nicolas Niarchos, paints a semi-apocalyptic vision of that cobalt’s origins: corrupt bargains between politicians and foreign companies, displacement and environmental destruction, cave-ins that bury miners alive. The book comes as part of a surge of interest in the unsavory trade-offs behind the energy transition (other notable members of this emerging genre include Thea Riofrancos’s Extraction: The Frontiers of Green Capitalism from last year and Siddharth Kara’s Cobalt Red: How the Blood of the Congo Powers Our Lives from 2022). As Niarchos puts it, the energy transition exchanges “cleaner power at home for pollution and suffering elsewhere.”]

Kouddous, Sharif Abdel. "Israeli Soldiers Killed Gaza Aid Workers at Point Blank Range in 2025 Massacre: Report." Drop Site (February 23, 2026) ["A minute-by-minute reconstruction of the massacre by Earshot and Forensic Architecture found Israeli soldiers fired over 900 bullets at the aid workers, killing 15."]

Nestle, Marion. "The Money Behind Ultra-Processed Food." Capitalisn't (May 23, 2024) ["Critics of the food industry allege that it relentlessly pursues profits at the expense of public health. They claim that food companies "ultra-process" products with salt, sugar, fats, and artificial additives, employ advanced marketing tactics to manipulate and hook consumers, and are ultimately responsible for a global epidemic of health ailments. Companies are also launching entirely new lines and categories of food products catering to diabetes or weight management drugs such as Ozempic. Marion Nestle, a leading public health advocate, nutritionist, award-winning author, and Professor Emerita at New York University, first warned in her 2002 book "Food Politics" that Big Food deliberately designs unhealthy, addictive products to drive sales, often backed by industry-funded research that misleads consumers. This week on Capitalisn't, Nestle joins Bethany and Luigi to explore the ultra-processed food industry through the interplay of four lenses: the underlying science, business motives, influencing consumer perceptions, and public policy."]

Petcu, Lulia Teodora. "Shielded by Power: Jeffrey Epstein, The Justice System and the Persistence of Elite Privilege." Diggiti (December 12, 2025) ["This paper examines Jeffrey Epstein’s case through C. Wright Mills’ concept of the power elite to explore how elite privilege shapes accountability in the justice system. Epstein’s wealth, political connections, and social networks illustrate how elites are insulated from legal consequences, while media coverage and public discourse reveal fragmented trust in institutions."]

Pickard, Hannah. "Addiction." Overthink (February 24, 2026) ["To what extent is drug addiction voluntary? In episode 162 of Overthink, Ellie and David chat with philosopher Hanna Pickard about her book, What Would You Do Alone in a Cage with Nothing but Cocaine? A Philosophy of Addiction. They discuss how the “broken brain model” of addiction emerged to combat the moral model of addiction and explore the consequences of both of these models. What drives some people into addiction? What does it mean to say that addiction is a brain disease? How should responsibility and blame fit into our understanding of this condition? And how do we identify when somebody’s patterns of drug use have crossed the threshold into addiction?" Works Discussed:: Alan Leshner, “Addiction Is a Brain Disease, and It Matters”; Gabor Maté, In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts: Close Encounters with Addiction; Hanna Pickard, What Would You Do Alone in a Cage with Nothing but Cocaine? A Philosophy of Addiction]

Pistor, Katerina. "How Inequality Distorts the Law." Capitalisn't (February 19, 2026) ['If we want to understand why capitalism feels broken, do we need to stop looking at the economy and start looking at the legal code that underpins it? In our system, capital is often described as money, machinery, or raw materials. But Columbia Law School professor Katharina Pistor argues that capital is actually a legal invention. An asset, whether it's a plot of land, an idea, or a promise of future pay, only becomes capital when it is given the right legal coding. Pistor suggests that lawyers are the true coders of capitalism. They use the law to "enclose" assets, from land to user data, giving owners the power to exclude others and monetize that value. She argues for injecting principles of "fairness and reciprocity" back into private law, ensuring that contracts aren't just tools for the powerful to extract value from the weak. Luigi Zingales suggests that large corporations have become so powerful we may need a new branch of "quasi-public law" to govern the asymmetry between an individual consumer and a corporate giant. This episode explores the deep, often invisible architecture of our economic system and asks whether we can ever truly tame corporate power without rewriting the rules of the game."]

Robinson, Nathan J. "Critics of “Don’t Look Up” Are Missing the Entire Point." Current Affairs (December 26, 2021) ["It’s not about Americans being dumb sheep, but about how billionaires manipulate us into trusting them, how the reckless pursuit of profit can have catastrophic consequences, and the need to come together to fight those who prevent us from solving our problems."]

Robson, Leo. "Godardorama." New Left Review (February 17, 2026) ["Richard Linklater’s shrewd and absorbing film catches this ‘feeling of freedom’ that Godard invoked. Shot in black-and-white with a French-speaking cast, it tells the story of the making of À Bout de Souffle, which Godard, a critic and reporter with a handful of shorts to his name, shot for little money over twenty days in the late summer of 1959. There was no script, only a set-up, derived by François Truffaut from a news story. Michel, after stealing a car from an American soldier at Marseilles Old Port, shoots a policeman who was trying to flag him down, then hitches a ride to Paris, where he steals money from his girlfriend Liliane and hangs around with his ‘favourite’ girlfriend Patricia, an American student and aspiring journalist, until she decides to turn him in. À Bout de Souffle is now a monument, as reflected in the existence of Linklater’s portrait, but its central properties are casualness and offhand intimacy. The director Roger Vadim claimed that when he bumped into Godard shortly before production began, all he had was a few phrases scrawled on the inside of a matchbook, among them ‘She has an accent’ and ‘It ends badly. Well, no. Finally it ends well. Or it ends badly.’"]

Solnit, Rebecca. "Hope After the End." Wonder Cabinet (February 14, 2026) ["How do you deal with the emotional toll of living in a time of dissolution? Social scientists use the term "polycrisis" to describe the kind of cascading, overlapping failures that can lead to systemic collapse, and it’s hard not to see the symptoms of a dying world order in events unfolding around us. But maybe what we’re witnessing is actually grounds for hope. In a forthcoming book "The Beginning Comes After the End," writer and activist Rebecca Solnit makes the case that something is dying, all right — because something better is being born. A rising worldview that embraces antiracism, feminism, environmental thinking, Indigenous and non-Western ideas, and a vision of a more interconnected, compassionate world. Solnit is an engaged writer and intellectual in the tradition of Barbara Ehrenreich, Susan Sontag and George Orwell. Her new book picks up where her earlier bestseller “Hope in the Dark” left off — with an argument against despair and historical amnesia. In this conversation, we explore the extraordinary scale of progressive social, political, scientific and cultural change over the past century, the roots of Solnit’s stance of “pragmatic, embodied hope,” her thoughts on “moral wonder, “ and her years in San Francisco’s underground punk rock scene. She also tells us what she’d put in our own wonder cabinet: an AIDS Memorial Quilt square sewn by Rosa Parks."]

Suh, Elissa. "Against Nature: Feral Eating and Feminist Performance." Notebook (February 20, 2026) ["In cinema, the image of a woman eating is seldom incidental: Romcoms are rife with Bridget Joneses who cannot control themselves. By contrast, for men, eating is often a display of authority or menace, of power rather than pathology. Perhaps this additional scrutiny can work as an advantage. When a camera watches women eat, it opens the possibility of performance before they even speak, turning their appetite into a subtle assertion of oneself—a rejection of expectations or a claim to private desires. How or what she eats marks her difference: It can measure her position in the world or the distance she keeps from it. Like Vitti, these women can be feral, which is above all a mark of refusal; they are not domesticated, not assimilated, but fragile and dangerous, out of bounds."]

Suton, Koraljka. "Villeneuve’s Arrival: A Deep Exploration of the Importance of Language, the Nature of Time and the Dichotomy of Human Existence." Cinephilia and Beyond (November 18, 2024) ["Being a linguist, Louise knows very well that language is the foundation of civilization. It is “the glue that holds a people together,” as she states in her book, making it possible for us to communicate effectively and find common ground. Language helps us bring forth our internal landscapes in ways that are extremely basic and deeply profound. Much like music, it enables us to convey and share with one another the intricacies that make up the human experience, which, in turn, gives us a chance to feel seen and understood. This striving for true understanding is not just inherent in Louise’s vocation as a linguist but is also one of her core qualities as a person. Unlike the majority of the world and its leaders, she is not the least bit interested in playing zero-sum games but rather seeks to utilize our ability for meaningful interpersonal connection so as to arrive at a win-win. Even though the aliens in Arrival are as unhuman-like as it gets, both in terms of language and appearance, Louise’s primary objective is, and remains throughout the film, to truly understand them. And, in doing so, bridge the gap between the ‘self’ and ‘other’. How does she do it? By connecting with them—being to being. This delicate unfolding is touching and awe-inspiring to behold."]

Thrasher, Steven W. "From Gaza to Minneapolis We Are Still Being Told to Disbelieve Our Eyes." Literary Hub (February 4, 2026)  ["The far more dangerous problem has been western news outlets and governments pretending that horrors that actually did happen did not occur. Journalists, more than 270 of them, gave their lives to show the world the genocide in Gaza. So did more than 300 United Nations workers and more than 1,500 healthcare workers. As did tens of thousands of Palestinians, many who pleaded with the world for help, human-to-human, mother-to-mother, child-to-child, using their phone cameras to prove to the world the depth of their desperation and persecution. There is little excuse for not knowing what happened in Gaza; everyday, it was as if the screams of 10,000 Anne Franks had been beamed right into the pockets of millions of Americans during World War II. And the people of the world largely believed their fellow humans in Gaza, when they heard them scream and cry. But the news media and the governments of the West pretended that what was happening was not, in fact, happening. They proved that the denial of verifiable reality is as dangerous as manufactured propaganda. They physically beat, expelled and even deported students who said the genocide was unacceptable. They fired journalists and blacklisted professors who reported what anyone could see, if they chose to. They cancelled the visas of artists who spoke the truth."]


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